Razor



Dec. 145, HQIEW. GRlSARD 1,785,190

RAZOR Filed Feb. 19. 1930 Patented Dec. 16, 1930 UNITED STATES PAUL D. GRISARD, OF POI J'GHKIIJEPSIE, NEW YORK RAZOR Application filed February 19, 1930. Serial No. 429,727.

This invention is directed to an improvement in safety razors and particularly to a.

construction wherein, through the clamping of the blade between the guard and clamp plate, the blade is finally positioned with its cutting edge in a flat plane with respect to the fingers of the guard plate but diagonal to the longitudinal plane of said fingers.

In the conventional safety razor, the cutting edge of the blade, when in final clamped position, is parallel to the ends of the fingers of the guard plate and thus the cutting stroke of the blade is in the nature of a scraping action rather than a shearing cut. \Vith the edge of the blade disposed on a line diagonal or atan inclination to the plane of the free ends of the fingers of the guard plate, the cutting stroke of the blade is necessarily a shearing cut rather than a scraping one and the effective action of the blade is, for well understood principles, much easier and cleaner than where the blade produces merely a scraping cut.

In a co-pe'nding application filed by me, Serial No. 357.789, filed April 24, 1929. I have provided for the use of a conventional safety razor blade and secured the final diagonal arrangement of the cutting edge of the blade through the relative formation of the clamp plate and guard plate. The present invention aims to secure a similar result through a deformation of the blade, with such deformation of a character as will permitthe use of the deformed blade with the conventional clamp and guard plates without change in either'and with the result that when the parts are in clamping cooperation, the respective edges of the blade are in the desired diagonal relation to the ends of the guard plate fingers;

The result sought in the present application is securedthrough that deformation of the blade which will permit the relative halves of the blade on the respective sides of r the longitudinal median line of the razor to be extended to relatively different distances under the clamping action of the clamp plate and guard plate, the blade deformations at the respective ends being relatively reversed, so that the respective and relatively different movements of each half of the blade at one end is directly reversed with respect to the similar halves at the opposite end, with the result that the diagonal edges of a two-edged blade are reversed with respect to their inclination and no permanent deformation of the blade results from any particular use thereof.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan View of a safety razor, showing the improved blade in clamped relation and directly illustrating the diagonal cutting edges of the blade.

Figure 2 is a plan view of a blade showing one form of blade deformation to secure the diagonal relation of the cutting edges when the blade is clamped.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a plan view of a blade showing blade deformation of a modified form.

Figure 5 is a section on' line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a plan view of a blade showing a further modified form of deformation.

Figure 7 is a plan view of a blade showing av further modified form of deformation.

Figure 8 is a section on line 88 of Figure 7.

With particular reference to Figures 2 and 3, the improved blade 1 is, aside from the details to be described, of conventional form having cutting edges 2 and openings 3 aligned on the longitudinal median line of the blade to cooperate with the pins on the clamp plate. the center one of which is usually threaded-for the reception of a handle to secure the clamping cooperation. These parts are conventional and do not require specific illustration.

Ordinarily the blade is positioned against the clamp plate 4 with the holes 3 of the blade cooperating with the pins of the clamp plate. The guard plate 5 having the guard fingers 6 also of conventional form is then applied over the pins of the clamp plate and beyond the blade relative to the clamp plate, following which the handle is threaded to the central pin and tightened to secure the clamping relation of the clamp plate, blade and guard.

In the conventional razor and incident to the curvature of the guard and clamp plates, the blade is given an arcuate formation and the cutting edges 2 are held tightly against the upper surfaces of the guard plate fingers 6 with the cutting edge parallel to a planeincluding the free ends of such guard fingers.

For the purposes of the present invention and as illustrated .in Figure-2, the blade is deformed during the process of manufacture to secure the desired diagonal cutting rela tion of the cutting edges. In Figure 2, this deformation consists in providing the blade at one end and beyond the transverse median line with longitudinally ranging depressions 7 and 8. These depressions are of somewhat elongated form and are arranged on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line of the blade and are oppositely formed with respect to a particular surface of the blade.

For example, the depression 7 is in the nature of a shallow rounded projection 9 extending above the surface of the blade and having its maximum depth and transverse area at the end next the proximate end of the blade. The projection then extends longitudinally of the blade to a point short of the transverse median line, being gradually reduced in height above the surface of the blade and in width until it finally merges into the surface of the blade. The depression 8 is exactly identical with depression 7 except that its position with respect to the surface of the blade is reversed. That is, considered in connection with the same surface of the blade on which depression 7 appears as a projection, the depression 8 is in the form of a shallow rounded depression 10 extending below the surface of the blade and projecting toward the transverse median line of theblade and being of gradually decreased depth-and width toward such median line and finally merging into the surface of the blade.

In other words, the so-called depressions 7 and 8 are identical in form except that they extend from opposite surfaces of the blade, that is to say, are reversed with respect to any particular surface. The end of the blade'on the opposite side of the transverse median line is also formed with depressions 11 and 12. These depressions 11 and 12 are identical V as with each other and with the depressions 7 and 8 except that they are relatively reversed with respect to each other and also reversed with respect to the depressions 7 and 8. Thus, considering the blade as an entirety, the diagonally opposed portions will have depressions of exactly identical projection with respect to one surface of the blade and considering the blade portion on one side of the longitudinal median line, the respective depressions, as 7 and 11 or 8 and 12, will be reversed as to each other, as clearly evident from Figures 2 and 3.

In Figure 4, there is .shown a modification in which the relative depressions are in the form of approximately semi-spherical offsets. there being such rounded offsets 13 and 14. relatively reversed with respect to one surface of the blade ateaeh' end of the blade on opposite sides of the transverse median line, similar offsets 15 and 16 being arranged at the opposite end of the blade reversed with respect to each other and also reversed with respect to the offsets at the opposite end of the blade and on the same side of the longitudinal median line of the blade.

In Figure 6, the deformation of the blade is provided through the formation of the openings through which the pins of the clamp plate extend. In this form of blade, the central opening indicated at 17 is circular, while the end openings are preferably though not necessarily angular, as at 18 and 19. In securing the desired deformation of this type of blade, the margins of the blade which are parallel to the longitudinal niedian line of the blade are bent at substantially right angles to the surface of the blade to secure a slight projection. Thus, with the opening 18, the opposing margins are bent to form projections 20 and 21 which extend parallel to the longitudinal median line of the blade but in opposite directions with respect to a particular surface of the blade. Thus, as the blade is shown in Figure 6, the projection 20 extends upwardly from the surface of the blade while the projection 21 extends downwardly therefrom. The margins of the opening 19 are of similar formation, that is these margins are bent at substantially right angles to the surface of the blade to form projections 22 and 23. These projections are reversed with respect to each other and also reversed with respect to the projections of the opening 18; that is to say, the projections on the same side of the longitudinal median line of the blade in the openings 18 and 19 are reversed with respect to a particular blade surface, as clearly indicated in Figure 6.

Figure 7 shows a further modified form in which the blade is provided with two ottsets on each side these respective side ottsets being on opposite sides of the longitudinal median line of the blade and extend ing from the respective end edges of the blade. Offset 24, which is in the form of an upstanding projection rounded in transverse section and extending through one end edge of the blade as at 25, terminates at the opposite end in substantial merger with the blade adjacent the longitudinal median line of the blade and approximately at the median line at the opposite end of the end of the blade through which the pins of the clamp plate extend; Projection 27 is similar to projection 24 but exactly reversed with respect to the surface of the blade, leading from the end of the blade at 28 and terminating substantially at thelongitudinal median line of the blade at the opposite edge 29. These respective projections 24 and 27 open through the end edges of the blade adjacent the cutting edge and as they terminat-e adjacent the longitudinal median line of the blade, they of course extend at an incline to the longitudinal median line of the blade. At the ends of the blade they are gradually reduced in all dimensions toward the longitudinal median line of the blade as clearly shown in Figure 7. The projections have theirmaximum dimension at the ends of the blade and are gradually reduced in all dimensions toward the longitudinal median line of the blade. The projections 30 and 31 on the opposite side of the blade are similar to but reversed relative to projections 24 and 27. These projections 24 and 27, and 30 and 31, as well as the other projections hereinbefore referred to, are not triangular, square or of other angular form, though it is understood that the rounded form is the one probably best suited to manufacturing expediency and one which will prove equally as effective in use as other forms.

lVith a blade of any of the particular forms described in position between the clamp and guard plates, it will be understood that under the clamping action the radius of curvature of the blade at the re spective ends, that is on the respective sides of the transverse median line, will vary on each side of the longitudinal median line; that is to say, assuming for example the form of blade shown in Figure 2, that portion of the blade including theprojection 7 will, under the clamping'action, have a somewhat different radius of curvature than that portion of the blade including the projection 8. The portions of the blade including the projections 8 and 11 will, however, have an identical radius of curvature, there being also an identical radius ofcurvature in the portions of the blade including the projections 7 and 12. Under these different curvatures incident primarily to the formation of.

the projections in reversed relation, the cut ting edge of the blade will be. extended at one end and withdrawn at the other, thus giving the diagonal line of the blade which is graphically though somewhat exaggeratedly illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawings. It. will be quite apparent that through the aid of the projections, the clamping action between the clamp plate and guard plate will extend one portion of the blade and prevent the extension of the other portion of the blade under the identical clamping action. If this result is carried out at the opposite end but in reverse order, the cutting edges of the blades will assume a diagonal blade lends itself to numerous different configurations to secure this primary result. Severalof the differentforms have been illustrated and described but 1t 1s understood that these are merely structural delineations of the inventive thought underlying the invention, which inventive thought may be best expressed by the statement that in order to secure the diagonal relation of the cutting edges without interfering with their normal flat cutting relation, the blade is deformed so that under the clamping action the respective degrees of curvature on the opposite side .of the longitudinal median line of the blade is automatically varied, with such automatic variation reversed at the respective endsof the blade to insure an unrestricted movement of the cutting edge as a whole while at the same time setting such edge at a line diagonal to a line joining the free ends of the teeth of the guard plate. Vith the invention thus defined, it will be apparent that-the invention contemplates many variations of the present detail and that the scope of the claims alone is to determine the extent to which the detail described may be modified or changed to secure the primary result.

It will of course be understood that while, for convenience and possibly as preferred, the various formations tending to the desired deformation of the cutting blade are shown as rounded or curved in cross section, such form is not essential to the results achieved by the invention, it being understood that the cross sectional form of any of the deformation outlines may. -,be square or in other angular form, and any transverse formation of these deformations that will accomplish the object sought are contemplated as within the spirit and scope of the invention and within the broad definition ofthe deformations of the appended claims.

Vhat is claimedto be new is: r

1. A safety razor including a clamp and a guard plate, a blade to be confined between and clamped by the clamp and guard plate, the respective surfaces of the blade engaged by the clamp'and guard plate being formed to compel the blade on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line to present different degrees of curvature under the clamping action whereby under such clamping action and incident to the different degrees of curvature the cutting edge of the blade will be positioned on a line diagonal to the line passing through the free ends of the guard plate when the blade is in clamped position.

2. A safety razor including a clamp and a guard plate formed with cooperating curved surfaces, 2. blade to be clamped between sad clamp and guard plate and forced to assume a curved form in both directions fronrthe longitudinal median line of the blade, and means inherent in the blade for varying the degree of curvature of the blade on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line under the clamping action, the variation-in curvature tending to permit one cutting edge of the blade to extend farther from the longitudinal median line of the guard plate than theopposing cutting edge on the respective sides of the transverse median line of the blade. i

3. A safety razor including a clamp and a guard plate formed with cooperating curved surfaces, :1 blade to be clamped between said clamp and guard plate and forced to assume :1 curved form in both directions from the longitudinal median line. of the blade, and means inherent in the blade for varying the degree of curvature of the blade on the respective sides'of the longitudinal median line under the clamping action, the variation in curvature being at its maximum adjacent the end of the blade and gradually decreasing toward the transverse median line of the blade.

4. A safety razor including a clamp and a guard plate formed Witlrcooperating curved surfaces, a blade to be clamped between said clamp and guard plate and forced to assume a curved from in both directions from the longitudinal median line of. the blade, and means inherent in the blade for varying the degree of curvature of the blade on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line under the clamping action, the variation in curvature on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line at one edge of the blade being duplicated in reverse order on the opposite side of the transverse median line and at the opposite end of the blade.

5. A safety razor including'a clamp and guard plate, a blade to be clamped between said clamp and guard plate, said blade when in position between the clamp and guard plate and free of clamping action having its median longitudinal line substantially coincident with the median longitudinal line of the clamp and guard plate, the respective surfaces of the blade being formed to cause the blade on opposite sides of the longitudinal median line to present different degrees of curvature under the clamping action, to thereby insure that the cutting edge of the blade is diagonal to the line passing through the free ends of the guard plate when the blade is in clamped position.

. 6. A razor including a guard plate, a

clamp, a blade to be interposed between the guard plate and clamp with its longitudinalmedian line substantially coincident with the longitudinal median line of the clamp and guard plate, the respective surfaces of the blade adjacent the ends thereof being formed to insure different degrees of curvature of the urea-19o blade on opposite sides of the median line in I the clamp and guard late with its longitudi nal median line su stantially co-incident with the longitudinal median line of the clamp and guard plate, the respective surfaces of the blade at each end being oppositely and similarly deformed on the respective sides of the longitudinal median line whereby to insure different degrees of curvature of the sections of the blade on opposite sides of the longitudinal median line in the clamping action.

8. A razor blade having an opening at the longitudinal median line to define the initial closed position of the blade in the razor, the respective opposite surfaces of the blade near each end being formed on opposite sides of the longitudinal median line with similar projections whereby in the clamping action on the blade when in the razor the projections serve to vary the curvature of the blade.

In testimony whereof I affix'my signature.

PAUL D. GRISARD. [1 5. 

